House Democratic lawmakers have released a report alleging that President Donald Trump’s federal pardons and clemency grants could erase over $1.3 billion in payments to victims and the government. Critics have accused Trump of using his presidential powers to benefit political allies, wiping out payments made to victims and taxpayers. The report, based on nearly 1,600 cases, utilizes publicly available court documents and the Office of the Pardon Attorney’s website.

While it remains unclear how much of the $1.3 billion owed by defendants could have been collected before the pardons, some recipients have exploited loopholes. For instance, electric vehicle startup founder Trevor Milton avoided paying restitution due to a pardon received during negotiations. Despite claims from the Justice Department, restitution orders and payments are considered final post-conviction, necessitating intervention from Congress or higher courts for recoupment.

Criticism of Trump’s pardons has intensified, particularly regarding defendants associated with the January 6 Capitol attack, whose pardons eliminated at least $3 million in restitution. The Justice Department asserts that restitution and fine costs will not be returned post-pardon, but ongoing legal battles may offer relief to pardoned defendants. Ultimately, the decision on restitution lies with the courts, and returning payments to Capitol rioters would require congressional action. While some defendants may seek reimbursement, the final outcome remains subject to judicial discretion.